> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://mintlify.com/grafana/grafana/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Debian/Ubuntu Installation

> Install Grafana on Debian or Ubuntu Linux using APT repository or DEB packages

# Debian/Ubuntu Installation

This guide covers installing Grafana on Debian or Ubuntu Linux systems using the APT repository or standalone DEB packages.

## Installation Methods

You can install Grafana on Debian/Ubuntu using:

* **APT repository** (recommended): Automatic updates via `apt-get update`
* **DEB package**: Manual installation from downloaded package
* **Standalone binary**: Manual installation from tarball

## Install from APT Repository

Installing from the APT repository enables automatic updates when you run `apt-get update`.

### Available Repositories

| Edition                   | Package              | Repository                            |
| ------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
| Grafana Enterprise        | `grafana-enterprise` | `https://apt.grafana.com stable main` |
| Grafana Enterprise (Beta) | `grafana-enterprise` | `https://apt.grafana.com beta main`   |
| Grafana OSS               | `grafana`            | `https://apt.grafana.com stable main` |
| Grafana OSS (Beta)        | `grafana`            | `https://apt.grafana.com beta main`   |

<Note>
  Grafana Enterprise is the recommended edition. It's free and includes all OSS features, with the option to upgrade to the full Enterprise feature set.
</Note>

<Steps>
  ### Install prerequisite packages

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https wget gnupg
  ```

  ### Import the GPG key

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
  sudo wget -O /etc/apt/keyrings/grafana.asc https://apt.grafana.com/gpg-full.key
  sudo chmod 644 /etc/apt/keyrings/grafana.asc
  ```

  ### Add the repository

  For stable releases:

  ```bash theme={null}
  echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/grafana.asc] https://apt.grafana.com stable main" | \
    sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
  ```

  For beta releases:

  ```bash theme={null}
  echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/grafana.asc] https://apt.grafana.com beta main" | \
    sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
  ```

  ### Update package list

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo apt-get update
  ```

  ### Install Grafana

  For Grafana OSS:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo apt-get install grafana
  ```

  For Grafana Enterprise:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo apt-get install grafana-enterprise
  ```
</Steps>

## Install from DEB Package

Manual installation using DEB packages requires you to manually update Grafana for each new version.

<Steps>
  ### Download the package

  Visit the [Grafana download page](https://grafana.com/grafana/download) and:

  1. Select your Grafana version
  2. Choose your Edition (Enterprise or Open Source)
  3. Select the Linux or ARM tab
  4. Copy the download URL

  ### Install the package

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo apt-get install -y adduser libfontconfig1 musl
  wget <deb-package-url>
  sudo dpkg -i grafana_<version>_amd64.deb
  ```

  Example:

  ```bash theme={null}
  wget https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise_11.0.0_amd64.deb
  sudo dpkg -i grafana-enterprise_11.0.0_amd64.deb
  ```
</Steps>

## Install as Standalone Binary

For manual installation with full control over file locations:

<Steps>
  ### Download and extract

  Download the tarball from the [Grafana download page](https://grafana.com/grafana/download) and extract it:

  ```bash theme={null}
  wget <tarball-url>
  tar -zxvf grafana-<version>.linux-amd64.tar.gz
  ```

  ### Create Grafana user

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo useradd -r -s /bin/false grafana
  ```

  ### Move to installation directory

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo mv grafana-<version> /usr/local/grafana
  ```

  ### Set ownership

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo chown -R grafana:users /usr/local/grafana
  ```

  ### Create systemd service file

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo touch /etc/systemd/system/grafana-server.service
  ```

  Add the following content:

  ```ini theme={null}
  [Unit]
  Description=Grafana Server
  After=network.target

  [Service]
  Type=simple
  User=grafana
  Group=users
  ExecStart=/usr/local/grafana/bin/grafana server --config=/usr/local/grafana/conf/grafana.ini --homepath=/usr/local/grafana
  Restart=on-failure

  [Install]
  WantedBy=multi-user.target
  ```

  ### Initialize data directory

  Manually start Grafana once to create the data directory:

  ```bash theme={null}
  /usr/local/grafana/bin/grafana server --homepath /usr/local/grafana
  ```

  Press `Ctrl+C` to stop, then update ownership:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo chown -R grafana:users /usr/local/grafana
  ```

  ### Enable and start service

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo systemctl daemon-reload
  sudo systemctl enable grafana-server
  sudo systemctl start grafana-server
  ```
</Steps>

## Start Grafana Server

### Using systemd

Start the Grafana server:

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl start grafana-server
```

Enable Grafana to start at boot:

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl enable grafana-server
```

Check service status:

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl status grafana-server
```

### Using init.d

Start Grafana:

```bash theme={null}
sudo service grafana-server start
```

Enable at boot:

```bash theme={null}
sudo update-rc.d grafana-server defaults
```

## Configuration

After installation, Grafana uses these default paths:

| Path                          | Description                               |
| ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| `/etc/grafana/grafana.ini`    | Configuration file                        |
| `/var/lib/grafana`            | Data directory (SQLite database, plugins) |
| `/var/log/grafana`            | Log files                                 |
| `/usr/share/grafana`          | Installation directory                    |
| `/etc/grafana/provisioning`   | Provisioning directory                    |
| `/etc/default/grafana-server` | Environment variables                     |

### Environment Variables File

The systemd service reads environment variables from `/etc/default/grafana-server`:

```bash theme={null}
CONF_FILE=/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
DATA_DIR=/var/lib/grafana
LOG_DIR=/var/log/grafana
PID_FILE_DIR=/run/grafana
PLUGINS_DIR=/var/lib/grafana/plugins
PROVISIONING_CFG_DIR=/etc/grafana/provisioning
```

## Systemd Service Configuration

The Grafana systemd service includes security hardening:

* Runs as non-root `grafana` user (UID 472)
* Capability restrictions with `CapabilityBoundingSet=`
* Protected system directories
* Restricted system calls
* File open limit: 10,000
* Stop timeout: 20 seconds

## Access Grafana

After starting the server, access Grafana:

1. Open your browser to `http://localhost:3000`
2. Sign in with default credentials:
   * Username: `admin`
   * Password: `admin`
3. Change the password when prompted

## Uninstall Grafana

<Steps>
  ### Stop the service

  For systemd:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo systemctl stop grafana-server
  ```

  For init.d:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo service grafana-server stop
  ```

  ### Remove the package

  For Grafana OSS:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo apt-get remove grafana
  ```

  For Grafana Enterprise:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo apt-get remove grafana-enterprise
  ```

  ### Remove the repository (optional)

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo rm -i /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
  ```

  ### Remove data (optional)

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo rm -rf /var/lib/grafana
  sudo rm -rf /var/log/grafana
  sudo rm -rf /etc/grafana
  ```
</Steps>

## Troubleshooting

### View logs

```bash theme={null}
sudo journalctl -u grafana-server -f
```

Or check log files:

```bash theme={null}
sudo tail -f /var/log/grafana/grafana.log
```

### Check service status

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl status grafana-server
```

### Verify installation

```bash theme={null}
grafana-server -v
```

### Port already in use

If port 3000 is already in use, edit `/etc/grafana/grafana.ini`:

```ini theme={null}
[server]
http_port = 3001
```

Restart Grafana:

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl restart grafana-server
```

## Next Steps

* Configure data sources
* Set up authentication (LDAP, OAuth, SAML)
* Configure SMTP for email notifications
* Set up provisioning for dashboards and data sources
* Configure an external database (MySQL or PostgreSQL)