> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://mintlify.com/grafana/grafana/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# RPM-based Installation

> Install Grafana on RHEL, Fedora, or CentOS using YUM/DNF repository or RPM packages

# RPM-based Installation

This guide covers installing Grafana on RPM-based Linux distributions (RHEL, Fedora, CentOS) using the YUM/DNF repository or standalone RPM packages.

## Installation Methods

You can install Grafana on RPM-based systems using:

* **YUM/DNF repository** (recommended): Automatic updates via `dnf update`
* **RPM package**: Manual installation from downloaded package
* **Standalone binary**: Manual installation from tarball

## Install from RPM Repository

Installing from the RPM repository enables automatic updates when you run `dnf update` or `yum update`.

### Available Repositories

| Edition                   | Package              | Repository                     |
| ------------------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------ |
| Grafana Enterprise        | `grafana-enterprise` | `https://rpm.grafana.com`      |
| Grafana Enterprise (Beta) | `grafana-enterprise` | `https://rpm-beta.grafana.com` |
| Grafana OSS               | `grafana`            | `https://rpm.grafana.com`      |
| Grafana OSS (Beta)        | `grafana`            | `https://rpm-beta.grafana.com` |

<Note>
  Grafana Enterprise is the recommended edition. It's free and includes all OSS features, with the option to upgrade to the full Enterprise feature set.
</Note>

<Steps>
  ### Import the GPG key

  ```bash theme={null}
  wget -q -O gpg.key https://rpm.grafana.com/gpg.key
  sudo rpm --import gpg.key
  ```

  ### Create the repository file

  Create `/etc/yum.repos.d/grafana.repo` with the following content:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/grafana.repo <<EOF
  [grafana]
  name=grafana
  baseurl=https://rpm.grafana.com
  repo_gpgcheck=1
  enabled=1
  gpgcheck=1
  gpgkey=https://rpm.grafana.com/gpg.key
  sslverify=1
  sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
  EOF
  ```

  For beta releases, change the `baseurl` to `https://rpm-beta.grafana.com`.

  ### Install Grafana

  For Grafana OSS:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo dnf install grafana
  ```

  For Grafana Enterprise:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo dnf install grafana-enterprise
  ```

  On older systems using YUM:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo yum install grafana-enterprise
  ```
</Steps>

## Install from RPM Package

Manual installation using RPM packages requires you to manually update Grafana for each new version.

<Note>
  RPM files are signed and can be verified with the [public GPG key](https://rpm.grafana.com/gpg.key).
</Note>

<Steps>
  ### Download and install

  Visit the [Grafana download page](https://grafana.com/grafana/download) and:

  1. Select your Grafana version
  2. Choose your Edition (Enterprise or Open Source)
  3. Select the Linux or ARM tab
  4. Copy the RPM package URL

  Install using DNF:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo dnf install <rpm-package-url>
  ```

  Example:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo dnf install https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise-11.0.0-1.x86_64.rpm
  ```

  On older systems using YUM:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo yum install -y <rpm-package-url>
  ```
</Steps>

## Install as Standalone Binary

For manual installation with full control over file locations:

<Steps>
  ### Download and extract

  Download the tarball from the [Grafana download page](https://grafana.com/grafana/download) and extract it:

  ```bash theme={null}
  wget <tarball-url>
  tar -zxvf grafana-<version>.linux-amd64.tar.gz
  ```

  ### Create Grafana user

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo useradd -r -s /bin/false grafana
  ```

  ### Move to installation directory

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo mv grafana-<version> /usr/local/grafana
  ```

  ### Set ownership

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo chown -R grafana:users /usr/local/grafana
  ```

  ### Create systemd service file

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo touch /etc/systemd/system/grafana-server.service
  ```

  Add the following content:

  ```ini theme={null}
  [Unit]
  Description=Grafana Server
  After=network.target

  [Service]
  Type=simple
  User=grafana
  Group=users
  ExecStart=/usr/local/grafana/bin/grafana server --config=/usr/local/grafana/conf/grafana.ini --homepath=/usr/local/grafana
  Restart=on-failure

  [Install]
  WantedBy=multi-user.target
  ```

  ### Initialize data directory

  Manually start Grafana once to create the data directory:

  ```bash theme={null}
  /usr/local/grafana/bin/grafana-server --homepath /usr/local/grafana
  ```

  Press `Ctrl+C` to stop, then update ownership:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo chown -R grafana:users /usr/local/grafana
  ```

  ### Enable and start service

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo systemctl daemon-reload
  sudo systemctl enable grafana-server
  sudo systemctl start grafana-server
  ```
</Steps>

## Start Grafana Server

### Using systemd

Start the Grafana server:

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl start grafana-server
```

Enable Grafana to start at boot:

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl enable grafana-server
```

Check service status:

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl status grafana-server
```

### Using init.d

Start Grafana:

```bash theme={null}
sudo service grafana-server start
```

Enable at boot:

```bash theme={null}
sudo chkconfig grafana-server on
```

## Configuration

After installation, Grafana uses these default paths:

| Path                            | Description                               |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- |
| `/etc/grafana/grafana.ini`      | Configuration file                        |
| `/var/lib/grafana`              | Data directory (SQLite database, plugins) |
| `/var/log/grafana`              | Log files                                 |
| `/usr/share/grafana`            | Installation directory                    |
| `/etc/grafana/provisioning`     | Provisioning directory                    |
| `/etc/sysconfig/grafana-server` | Environment variables                     |

### Environment Variables File

The systemd service reads environment variables from `/etc/sysconfig/grafana-server`:

```bash theme={null}
CONF_FILE=/etc/grafana/grafana.ini
DATA_DIR=/var/lib/grafana
LOG_DIR=/var/log/grafana
PID_FILE_DIR=/run/grafana
PLUGINS_DIR=/var/lib/grafana/plugins
PROVISIONING_CFG_DIR=/etc/grafana/provisioning
```

## Systemd Service Configuration

The Grafana systemd service (`/usr/lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service`) includes:

* Runs as non-root `grafana` user
* Dependencies: PostgreSQL, MariaDB, MySQL, InfluxDB (waits for them if present)
* Security hardening with restricted capabilities
* File open limit: 10,000
* Stop timeout: 20 seconds
* Automatic restart on failure

Service unit configuration:

```ini theme={null}
[Unit]
Description=Grafana instance
Documentation=http://docs.grafana.org
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target
After=postgresql.service mariadb.service mysql.service influxdb.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/grafana-server
User=grafana
Group=grafana
Type=simple
Restart=on-failure
WorkingDirectory=/usr/share/grafana
RuntimeDirectory=grafana
RuntimeDirectoryMode=0750
ExecStart=/usr/share/grafana/bin/grafana server \
  --config=${CONF_FILE} \
  --pidfile=${PID_FILE_DIR}/grafana-server.pid \
  --packaging=rpm \
  cfg:default.paths.logs=${LOG_DIR} \
  cfg:default.paths.data=${DATA_DIR} \
  cfg:default.paths.plugins=${PLUGINS_DIR} \
  cfg:default.paths.provisioning=${PROVISIONING_CFG_DIR}

LimitNOFILE=10000
TimeoutStopSec=20

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
```

## Firewall Configuration

If you have firewalld enabled, allow traffic on port 3000:

```bash theme={null}
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3000/tcp
sudo firewall-cmd --reload
```

## SELinux Configuration

If SELinux is enforcing, you may need to configure it for Grafana:

```bash theme={null}
sudo semanage port -a -t http_port_t -p tcp 3000
```

Or temporarily set SELinux to permissive mode:

```bash theme={null}
sudo setenforce 0
```

## Access Grafana

After starting the server, access Grafana:

1. Open your browser to `http://localhost:3000`
2. Sign in with default credentials:
   * Username: `admin`
   * Password: `admin`
3. Change the password when prompted

## Uninstall Grafana

<Steps>
  ### Stop the service

  For systemd:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo systemctl stop grafana-server
  ```

  For init.d:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo service grafana-server stop
  ```

  ### Remove the package

  For Grafana OSS:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo dnf remove grafana
  ```

  For Grafana Enterprise:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo dnf remove grafana-enterprise
  ```

  On older systems using YUM:

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo yum remove grafana-enterprise
  ```

  ### Remove the repository (optional)

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo rm -i /etc/yum.repos.d/grafana.repo
  ```

  ### Remove data (optional)

  ```bash theme={null}
  sudo rm -rf /var/lib/grafana
  sudo rm -rf /var/log/grafana
  sudo rm -rf /etc/grafana
  ```
</Steps>

## Troubleshooting

### View logs

```bash theme={null}
sudo journalctl -u grafana-server -f
```

Or check log files:

```bash theme={null}
sudo tail -f /var/log/grafana/grafana.log
```

### Check service status

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl status grafana-server
```

### Verify installation

```bash theme={null}
grafana-server -v
```

### Port already in use

If port 3000 is already in use, edit `/etc/grafana/grafana.ini`:

```ini theme={null}
[server]
http_port = 3001
```

Restart Grafana:

```bash theme={null}
sudo systemctl restart grafana-server
```

### Check firewall

```bash theme={null}
sudo firewall-cmd --list-all
```

### Check SELinux status

```bash theme={null}
getenforce
sudo ausearch -m avc -ts recent
```

## Next Steps

* Configure data sources
* Set up authentication (LDAP, OAuth, SAML)
* Configure SMTP for email notifications
* Set up provisioning for dashboards and data sources
* Configure an external database (MySQL or PostgreSQL)